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Centrostephanus longispinus : ウィキペディア英語版 | Centrostephanus longispinus
''Centrostephanus longispinus'', the hatpin urchin, is a species of sea urchin in the family Diadematidae. There are two sub-species, ''Centrostephanus l. longispinus'', found in the eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea and ''Centrostephanus l. rubricingulus'', found in the western Atlantic.〔 ==Taxonomy== In 1940, Mortenson believed that ''C. longispinus'' and ''C. rubicingulus'' were closely related species but that they could be distinguished because of the fact that ''C. longispinus'' has smaller and fewer secondary interambulacral tubercles. In 1975, Fell re-examined the genus but was unable to find sufficient differences to justify separating them into two species. He suggested that ''C. rubicingulus'' should be considered a sub-species of ''C. longispinus''. Nor could he reliably distinguish the pair from ''C. besnardi'' except by the location from which they had been collected (''C. besnardi'' is from the eastern Pacific). He was also unable to distinguish between juveniles of ''C. coronatus'' and juveniles of the other species.〔
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